L1 (First Language)

L1, or first language, refers to the native language a person acquires from birth. It is the language learned naturally in the home environment and used as the primary means of communication. Understanding the role of L1 in language acquisition helps educators leverage learners' existing linguistic knowledge when teaching an additional language (L2). Teachers can use strategies such as code-switching, translation, and comparative analysis to help students draw connections between L1 and L2, facilitating more effective learning.