Tesol Theories

  Also in the 1970s la señal came up with a new methodology called "Suggestopedia". As psychological theory was developing, one of the ideas that came up was something called ?the effective filter?. Basically, the effective filter is a barrier to learning. It's the reasons why we inhibit our learning of a particular language. There are two main elements to the effective filter, two sets of factors, if you like, those are known as internal and external factors. The external factors to learning, the reasons why we have barriers to learning, may be just simple things such as external noise. So, people talking to us while we're trying to learn and so on and so forth. Perhaps more important are these internal factors and the internal factors one of the main things here is our previous...  [Read more]

  Before we move on to the final methodology for today, let's just recap and see where we are at this point in time. We're looking at different learning methodologies. Each of those methodologies takes its premise from being somewhere on this particular spectrum of ?nature versus nurture? and where we are on this spectrum gives us a starting point for the background or theory to that particular methodology. So, we?ve had a look starting in the 17th century and the classical method and moving on as the ideas of psychology developed to various methods, such as audiolingualism, the silent way, Suggestopedia and TPR. Each of these showing a development as knowledge about learning increased and each of these takes a different starting point on our English spectrum. Below you can read...  [Read more]

  Our final methodology is accredited to Jeremy Harmer and it's known by the letters ESA. Around 1998, Jeremy Harmer produced a book called "How to teach English" and basically what Harmer did, is a background to this book is to do what we have done today and to work through all of the different methodologies that have come about over the last 300 years. He highlighted for each of those methodologies what was good about it, what was positive and what didn't appear to work and then put all of the positive things into a melting pot and came out with this methodology, which he called ESA. It's a three-stage methodology, where each of the letters represents a particular phase of the lesson. The first one being called the engage phase, the second the study phase and the final one the...  [Read more]

  The purpose of grammar translation then is to basically translate between L1 and L2 and vice versa. So, we could take a simple example. Let's imagine that our native language was English and our target language was French and let's assume that we want to translate a document from French into English. Let's take a simple sentence. Here's a sentence in French "Ouvre la fenêtre" and we'll add "s'il vous plaît" at the end. What we want to do is to take this L2 and translate it back into English. Now, if we have a reasonable knowledge of French then we may well know that this particular verb "ouvre" "to open" translates directly and this female form of the and finally the fenêtre "Open the window" and this polite form of "please". This is all very well if the two structures that...  [Read more]

  So what we're going to do is to run through a series of methodologies that were created mainly in the 1900s that adopted the idea that language learning should be much more communicative, much more natural. The first one is called audiolingualism and it's also called the army method because of where it was developed. Basically, psychology, during the 1950s and 60s, was building up new theories about behaviorism. Perhaps the most famous experiments that were done in this particular area were by Pavlov, where he was showing that most animals undergo a stimulus response mechanism and he had a series of famous experiments, where by ringing a bell, he could cause a dog to salivate, that would be his response, in the expectation of getting some food. This behaviorist idea of stimulus...  [Read more]

  "In terms of the things that are negative about it, we've already said that it doesn't develop speaking but perhaps the biggest negative point about this particular methodology is that it's very unnatural. Ok, so despite the criticisms of this particular method, and particularly the fact that is unnatural, this particular methodology was in use all the way through the 17th, 18th and 19th century and indeed it's still in use today. However, Gouin in the 1880s and Berlitz in the early 1900s decided that this particular methodology was so unnatural that they wanted to come up with something new. The method that they came up with, they called the direct method. You will also sometimes see it as the natural method. What these two people were saying is that if we wish to learn a...  [Read more]

  So let's take an example of what those drills might involve. So here is an example of a repetition drill. I will model the language and then my class will repeat after me. So "This is a cup." "Spoon" ? "This is a spoon." "Knife" - "his is a knife." Thank you. The reason that it's called or also called the army method is that it was the method adopted by the United States military who had personnel stationed around the world at the end of Second World War and they realized that they needed those personnel to pick up the language very quickly and one of the positive things about this particular methodology is that you do very quickly learn vocabulary. Another positive thing about it is that you quickly learn the correct pronunciation of that vocabulary. However, there are some...  [Read more]

  Before looking at the methods or approaches themselves, there are some terms that we need to define. These are the approach, the method or the technique. Basically, these are hierarchical. The approach is an overriding set of principles that a method can actually make use of, whereas the technique are the things that we actually do in the classroom to approach that method. So, these three words are going to appear during the presentation. Again, for each of either the approaches all the methodologies we're going to ask four questions. So be it an approach or a method for each of those things: Where did it come from? What's its background? What does it involve when we're talking about actually in the classroom, in other words techniques? What is positive about it? What appears to...  [Read more]

  This presentation is going to focus on the theories, methods and techniques of teaching and we're going to start with a quote. This is an interesting quotation because it contains within it a philosophical argument and it's a philosophical argument in the way in which we learn. Basically, this one is saying that the intelligence of their own children comes about due to a natural process. So this one could be said to be due to nature. This is exactly the opposite of this one, which is saying that they're teaching the environment that we create, creates that intelligence. So this one can be said to be due to nurture and this argument 'nature versus nurture' has been going on for thousands of years. These two viewpoints are two ends of a scale, or a continuum if you like, and every...  [Read more]

  Our next particular methodology is accredited to James Asher around 1965 and is called total physical response. Asher looked at the way in which we learn our native language and he saw that most children, before they even went to school, have picked up a very large percentage of both the grammar and the vocabulary that they would use in their native language before any type of formal schooling. So Asher started to have a look at ideas of how to use the whole of our brain in language learning in the way that we do when we're very young. It's accepted that within our brain there are two hemispheres, one is the left hemisphere the other is the right hemisphere, and one of the functions of the left hemisphere is language learning. One of the major functions of the right hemisphere is...  [Read more]

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  The Behaviorist Approach to Language Acquisition The Innatist Perspective on Language Development The Interactionist View of Language Learning The Cognitive Theory of Language Acquisition The Sociocultural Theory in Language Learning The Importance of Understanding Language Acquisition Theories in TEFL Applying Language Acquisition Theories in ESL Teaching Challenges and Criticisms of Language Acquisition Theories Integrating Multiple Theories in Language Teaching Future Directions in Language Acquisition Research The Behaviorist approach to language acquisition, popularized by B.F. Skinner, emphasizes the role of environmental stimuli and reinforcement in shaping language development. In this view, language is learned through imitation, repetition, and conditioning. Behaviorists...  [Read more]

--- Teaching English in a university TESOL program requires a combination of education, experience, and expertise in the field. Typically, universities look for candidates with at least a master's degree in TESOL, Applied Linguistics, or a related field. Some institutions may also require a doctoral degree for higher-level teaching positions. In addition to academic qualifications, many universities also look for candidates with teaching certifications such as TESOL, TEFL, or CELTA. --- In addition to academic qualifications, universities also value practical experience in teaching English as a second language. Candidates are often required to have a minimum number of years of teaching experience, preferably at the university level. Experience working with diverse student populations,...  [Read more]

Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) and English as a Second Language (ESL) teaching are closely related fields but have distinct differences. TESOL encompasses a broader scope, including not only teaching English to non-native speakers but also focusing on language acquisition theories, curriculum development, and assessment methods. On the other hand, ESL teaching specifically refers to the practice of teaching English language skills to non-native speakers in English-speaking countries. In terms of qualifications and training, TESOL typically requires a higher level of education, such as a master's degree in TESOL, Applied Linguistics, or a related field. ESL teaching, on the other hand, may require a bachelor's degree in any field and a teaching certification, such...  [Read more]

Unlock your potential as an English teacher with ITTT's comprehensive online teacher training certificate curriculum. Our program is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills needed to excel in the field of Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) or Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL). From learning about classroom management techniques to understanding language acquisition theories, our curriculum covers a wide range of topics essential for effective teaching. 1. Understanding TEFL and TESOL 2. Classroom Management Techniques 3. Language Acquisition Theories 4. Lesson Planning and Curriculum Development The first part of our curriculum provides an in-depth introduction to the fields of TEFL and TESOL. You will learn about the history of English language...  [Read more]

  The Beginnings of TESOL Education The Shift Towards Practical Training The Impact of Technology on TESOL Specialized TESOL Courses TESOL Certification and Accreditation The Role of Language Acquisition Theories TESOL Teaching Practicum Experiences Job Placement Support in TESOL Continuing Professional Development in TESOL The Future of TESOL Education TESOL education has a rich history that dates back to the mid-20th century when the demand for English language teachers started to rise globally. Organizations like ITTT played a crucial role in establishing standardized training programs for individuals looking to teach English abroad. The focus was initially on linguistic knowledge and teaching methodologies. TESOL education has a rich history that dates back to the mid-20th...  [Read more]

TESOL stands for Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages, and it is a certification that provides individuals with the necessary skills and knowledge to teach English as a second or foreign language. While the primary focus of TESOL is teaching English, the principles and methodologies learned during the certification can often be applied to teaching other languages as well. TESOL certification programs cover a wide range of topics, including language acquisition theories, lesson planning, classroom management, and assessment techniques. TESOL certification can be highly beneficial for individuals looking to work in language revitalization programs. Language revitalization programs aim to revive and preserve endangered languages, often by teaching them to new learners....  [Read more]

  The Evolution of TESOL Programs Key Players in TESOL History The Impact of Technology on TESOL Cultural Considerations in TESOL The Role of Language Acquisition Theories TESOL Methodologies and Approaches Accreditation and Quality Assurance in TESOL Professional Development in TESOL TESOL Job Market Trends The Future of TESOL Education TESOL programs have come a long way since their inception. Initially focused on teaching English as a second language, they have evolved to encompass a more comprehensive approach to language education. ITTT has been at the forefront of this evolution, offering innovative courses that cater to the diverse needs of ESL learners worldwide. TESOL programs have come a long way since their inception. Initially focused on teaching English as a second...  [Read more]

Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) is a field that focuses on training educators to teach English to non-native speakers. TESOL certification programs provide teachers with the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively teach English as a second or foreign language. These programs cover a wide range of topics, including language acquisition theories, teaching methodologies, lesson planning, assessment strategies, and cultural awareness. Government-funded programs that require TESOL certification typically have specific requirements that educators must meet in order to be eligible to teach. These requirements may vary depending on the country or program, but common prerequisites include a bachelor's degree in any field, a TESOL certification from a recognized...  [Read more]

--- Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) or Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) has become increasingly popular as a career choice for individuals looking to teach English to non-native speakers. A TESOL certificate is a valuable qualification that provides you with the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively teach English to diverse populations. This certificate is particularly important if you wish to work in international schools, language institutes, or with immigrant communities where English is not the primary language spoken. --- Obtaining a TESOL certificate equips you with the essential tools to create a conducive learning environment for students from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds. This certification demonstrates to potential...  [Read more]